The global cannabis market, currently valued at $7.7 billion, is projected to expand to $31.4 billion by 20211. These figures highlight the intriguing nature of cannabis strains. A strain represents a specific variety of the Cannabis plant, each with distinct characteristics and effects due to its unique genetic composition. This diversity explains why certain strains can energize you, while others help to calm your nerves.
Curious about how cannabis plants are bred for the best results?
People have been breeding cannabis plants for years, aiming for stronger effects, better taste, or specific medical uses. Traditionally, these plants were classified as indica, sativa, or a mix of both. Indica was known for its calming effects, sativa for its uplifting feel, and hybrids offered a blend of both. However, some experts now believe these labels aren’t always accurate due to the complex chemistry of different strains.
Key Takeaways
- The global cannabis industry is rapidly growing, expected to reach $31.4 billion by 20211.
- Cannabis strains are developed through selective breeding for specific characteristics such as potency, flavour, or medical efficacy.
- Traditional categories like indica, sativa, and hybrid are now being reconsidered by experts due to inconsistent chemical makeups1.
- Strain names often reflect the plant’s origin, effects, or physical traits.
- Choosing a cannabis strain should be based on desired effects, individual responses, and potential adverse reactions.
Understanding Cannabis Strains
Cannabis strains are essentially different varieties or groups of cannabis plants, primarily classified into sativa, indica, and hybrid categories. Nowadays, most plants are hybrids2. Each type has distinct effects, flavours, scents, and growth patterns. THC, the compound responsible for the ‘high’, and CBD, which may help with health issues without the high, are key components in these strains.
Sativa plants typically boost energy, making them ideal for daytime use and creativity. Indica plants, conversely, are known for their calming effects, suitable for relaxation and pain relief. Hybrids offer a balanced experience, combining the traits of both sativa and indica.
Recent studies have shifted the focus from these traditional labels to the specific cannabinoids and terpenes in the plant, which truly impact the effects. This suggests that in the future, we might focus less on sativa or indica and more on the chemical composition of the strains3.
Medical cannabis is carefully bred to address specific health issues, with strains typically categorized into THC-heavy, balanced THC/CBD, and CBD-dominant varieties. Understanding a plant’s chemical profile is crucial for selecting the best strain for your needs.
History and Evolution of Cannabis Strains
The history of cannabis strains is linked to both ancient agricultural practices and modern selective breeding. Traditional strains, known as landrace strains, were cultivated in specific regions and naturally adapted to their environments4.
Over time, humans began selectively breeding cannabis for desired traits, leading to a vast array of strains. Techniques like crossbreeding have produced new strains with unique benefits and features.
Initially, strains were labelled by their geographic origins. However, as crossbreeding became common, new strain names like OG Kush and Girl Scout Cookies emerged, each with its own story and effects. Early cultivation practices in regions like Massachusetts and Virginia significantly influenced the cannabis varieties we have today, with Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica offering distinct benefits and appearances5.
Different Types of Cannabis Strains
Cannabis strains include Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis. Sativa strains are known for their high energy and THC content, making them excellent for mood enhancement. Indica strains, high in CBD, are perfect for stress relief and sleep aid.
Cannabis ruderalis is unique due to its ability to flower independently of light changes, making it ideal for beginner growers who want a low-maintenance option. Hybrids combine sativa and indica traits, offering a range of effects, flavours, and scents.
The ongoing improvement in cannabis cultivation techniques has significantly contributed to the industry’s growth, projected to reach $31.4 billion by 2021. As new strains emerge, the market continues to evolve, benefiting growers and users alike.
Popular Cannabis Strains
Several cannabis strains are well-known for their unique effects and flavours1.
- Acapulco Gold: This strain from Mexico is famous for its energising and uplifting effects.
- Blue Dream: Known for its balanced calm energy, it’s popular for daytime use and loved by both recreational and medicinal users.
- Purple Kush: Ideal for deep relaxation, it helps with pain relief and sleep.
- Sour Diesel: Boosts mood and focus, making it perfect for daytime stress relief.
- Northern Lights: Renowned for its calming effects, it aids relaxation and sleep.
The variety of popular strains continues to expand as growers develop new types.
